Quick answer
Breathlessness can happen during exercise, at rest, when lying down or during sleep, and it has many possible causes. Understanding when it happens helps decide which tests are needed.
What can cause shortness of breath?
Breathlessness can occur during exercise, at rest, when lying down or during sleep. It has many possible causes, involving the lungs, heart and other systems.
How is breathlessness evaluated?
A specialist evaluation considers when symptoms occur, any associated cough or wheeze, your medical history, oxygen levels and relevant tests.
Which tests might I need?
Depending on the presentation, investigations may include spirometry, pulmonary function testing, imaging or other specialist assessments.
Not for emergencies. If breathing difficulty is severe or getting worse quickly, call 998 or go to the nearest emergency department.
Common questions
When should I see a specialist about shortness of breath?
Book a specialist assessment if symptoms are persistent, keep coming back, affect daily activities or sleep, or are not improving as expected with current treatment.
Is this an emergency?
Yes, if breathing difficulty is severe or getting worse quickly, or you have chest pain or are coughing up blood. Call 998 or go to the nearest emergency department. A clinic appointment is not the right route for emergencies.
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